Also, note that the planks are bowing because the bricks are loaded at one point on the platform instead of being evenly distributed. Cross-bracing is required on both front and back sides of each scaffold buck or frame. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. Support scaffold footings must be level and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold. [, A scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails. (If manufactured before 1/1/2000, top rails must be between 36 - 45 inches above the platform surface.) All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Authorized Person The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. Bracing Connect panels and frames with diagonal, horizontal, or cross braces along or as a combination, in order to laterally secure the vertical members. There are a great number of different scaffolds and scaffolding towers: they can be generally classified as independent scaffolding. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. missing parts due to area obstructions). Each section of the framework measured 6'5" high. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. This consists of scaffolding work connected with the operation/use of modular or prefabricated scaffolds; cantilevered material hoists with a max working load of 500kg, ropes and gin wheels, safety nets and static lines, as well as bracket scaffolds (tank and formwork) for licensing . An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. A checklist of items a competent person should complete daily for scaffold safety. [, Have minimum rung length of 11 inches. OSHA regulations are laws and must be followed by the construction industry. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Stability and durability are the key components for the scaffold towers to be safe. Ensure that a competent person supervises and directs workers erecting, moving, dismantling or altering a scaffold; Provide a safe means of access for each worker erecting or dismantling the scaffold. The scaffold should be plumb, level and square. Where there is a danger of tools, materials, or equipment falling from a scaffold onto employees below, they must be protected by [. Tip: For the same reason, cleats or other means of connecting planks should be on the underside. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. The guardrail system shall be installed along all open sides and ends of the platform before being used as a work platform by employees. [, OSHA standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access. Ladders that are a part of the scaffolding system, such as hook-on and attachable ladders, shall be positioned so that the bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the supporting level. The picture above describes TRUE. Where the platform will not be more than 14 inches from the face of the work (18 inches for plastering and lathing operations), fall protection is not required. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. Insufficient length. This individual must supervise all scaffold assemblies, changes, movement, or dismantling. Correct procedures for erecting, disassembling, etc. Tip: Separation of frames can occur in high winds (uplift), or when workers climb endframes, overload the platform, or strike the scaffold with tools, materials, etc. Scaffolding shall be designed by a qualified and competent . Scaffolding. Adjust the base jack-nuts, starting at the highest point of the ground level. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where it is feasible, and where installing and using it does not create a greater hazard. Is secured to prevent lateral movement. Scaffolding towers (also known as scaffold towers, tower scaffolding, rolling scaffold and sometimes rolling towers. Tip: Because it may be difficult to determine if a power line is insulated, or what its exact voltage is, the 10 foot rule should always be applied. (Figure 13) [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3) and 29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3)(ii)]. Installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting These scaffolds can be assembled in multiple directions, making them the preferred option for work surfaces with irregular dimensions and/or contours. [, Forklifts shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless [. Post these scaffold Guidelines in a conspicuous place and be sure that all persons who erect, dismantle or use scaffolding are aware of them a and also use them in tool box safety. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic assessment of maximum intended loads on the scaffold at all stages of erection and loading. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. the side of a building) basically serves as the fall protection system. The jack-nut at the highest ground level should be set 7.5-15 cm (3-6 in.) [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(5)]. In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. Where platforms overlap to create a running scaffold, the overlap must occur only over a support and shall not be less than 12 inches unless nailed together. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, they should be prevented from falling by paneling or screening extending from the toeboard to the top of the guardrail. (Your Answer) 3. Top rails (manufactured after 1/1/2000) must be 38 - 45 inches above the platform surface. The top edge height of toprails on supported scaffolds must be between 36 inches and 45 inches. Workers are most vulnerable to fall hazards when climbing on or off a scaffold. Crawling Board. [, Have rungs which are uniformly spaced and a length of at least 8 inches, with a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. Before starting any scaffold project, the employer should conduct a hazard assessment to ensure the safety of workers. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. Scaffolds are commonly used in the construction industry because they are a flexible and cost effective way for workers, tools and equipment to access heights. . 2. Secure scaffolds to the structure during erection and dismantling. (i) There must be a ladder or equivalent safe access. It is not all-inclusive and should be used as a starting point for the competent person to develop a checklist specific to the type of scaffold and jobsite conditions encountered. e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. [, A toprail of each stair rail system capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Make sure the scaffold is stable. Plumb and level all scaffolds as erection proceeds. Has a platform that is at least 500mm wide. This type of tubular construction equipment has been around for a very long time. To counteract this, the scaffold must be braced or tied off to a stable structure such as a structural steel. Specific requirements are described below. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Scaffold components cannot be mixed if they are from different manufacturers unless they fit together without force. [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. [, Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system must be able to withstand a force of at least 200 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along its top edge. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Planking on this platform should be six planks wide, instead of only two. Always use . (True or False) _____ 3. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Footing. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. A specific access, such as a mounted ladder, must be used. If the base width is wider than three feet, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 26 feet vertically thereafter. Changes at the worksite present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. Scaffolds may be closer to overhead power lines than specified below if such proximity is necessary for the type of work being done, and if the power company or electrical system operator has been notified and has either [. The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work area. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. . and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Faults: Damaged. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Training shall include [. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451.452. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. Personal Fall Arrest System. Make sure that a competent person inspects the scaffold before each work shift. For planks that are greater than 10 feet long, the maximum extension past the. Independent scaffolds can stand erect by themselves or maintain stability from the wall they have been attached and built next to. [, When platforms must overlap because a scaffold changes direction, such as turning a corner, platforms that rest on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms that rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. They can also choose if they want it mobile or stationary. For example, if the base width is three feet, the first vertical tie will be (3 feet x 4) 12 feet from the ground. Standards are vertical pipes that are connected with clamps or couplers to give the structure its height; ledgers are horizontal braces that steady the structure and give it width. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. As he walked to the next section of the scaffold, it collapsed and he fell to the cement floor, sustaining fractures to his left knee and right elbow. is allowed to accumulate on the platform. Most screw jacks will have a built-in stop so that the maximum height cannot be exceeded. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers must not be intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. Metal pumpjack scaffolds cannot be more than 13.7 m in height; and must be braced every 4.6 m. Pumpjack scaffolds with supports made of wood must not be more than 7.3 m in height and must be braced every 3 m. To check a scaffold for being plumb, use a level on two opposite uprights. Do not use makeshift methods to increase the working height of the scaffold platform, such as with ladders, buckets or blocks. Posts shall be erected plumb in all directions, with the first level of runners and bearers positioned as close to the base as feasible. After the sign had been partially painted, the scaffold was moved to allow concrete to be placed around the sign. Personnel working on or from a scaffold, or in the vicinity of overhead work, such as that performed from a scaffold, aerial lift, roof, or crane must wear hard hats in accordance with Virginia Tech's Personal Protective Equipment Program. Scaffolds must not be close enough to overhead power lines that they, or any conductive materials (e.g. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. (1) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by diagonal braces for securing vertical members together laterally, and the cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. 6. For example, if wrapped with mesh, will the scaffold support expected wind loads? Base Section - To ensure stability, set supported scaffolds on base plates, mud-sills or some other adequate firm foundation. Crossbracing is required on both front and back sides of each scaffold buck or frame. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. [, Uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. (Figure 6) [, Hook-on and attachable ladders must be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. Is erected plumb and level. Do not force frames or braces to fit - level the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. It is strong, dependable, and is relatively low in cost. decking, planks) must not be painted to hide defects. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. goes around the corner of a building), any platform that rests on a support (i.e. Medium-duty scaffolds can support 50 pounds per square foot. He fell to the ground, sustaining a fatal blow to his head. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. These are only a few basic physical structures of scaffold towers. Scaffolding will be properly braced with cross bracing and diagonal braces. [, Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. [. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. The face of the work (ex. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. As they were lifting the scaffold, the top section partially separated from the adjoining section, toppled over, and contacted a power line. Supported scaffold poles, frames and uprights must be plumb and braced to prevent any displacement caused by swaying. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. . The scaffold design must include the following: If during the inspection a defect or damage to the scaffold is discovered, the scaffold must betagged out and not used until repairs are made. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)], The employer must designate a competent person, who would be responsible for determining the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. Personal fall protection must be required and provided by the employer where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Guys, ties and braces shall be installed where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. Check out our special shipping rates! Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Toeboards must be installed not more than 1/4 inch above the platform and securely fastened. In some cases, you may choose a new scaffolding tower rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Canopy structures made of solid materials. Light-duty scaffolds can support 25 pounds per square foot. Catenary Scoffold. Design features include a rest platform every 35 feet, rungs at least 11 1/2 inches wide (8 inches for ladders built into the frame), and uniform rung spacing not exceeding 16 3/4 inches. Securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform, and not have more than -inch clearance above the walking/working surface. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. To be specific, a "true" surface is as "plumb" or as "level" as the job requires (which, in most cases, is a perfect level of both or either). 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